Which one of the following facts is protected from disclosure in a court of law? (A) A, a client, says to B, an attorney "I have committed forgery and I wish you to defend me" (B) A, a client, says to B, an attorney "I wish to obtain possession of property by the use of a forged deed on which I request you to sue" (C) A, being charged with embezzlement retains B, an attorney to defend him. In the course of the proceedings, B observes that an entry has been made in A's account book charging A with the sum said to have been embezzled which entry was not in the book at the commencement of his employment (D) A, a client says to his attorney B, "I want to murder my enemy C. Please advise me how I may be able to murder C"
Explanation:
Section 126 of the Indian Evidence Act protects professional communications between a client and their legal adviser. However, this protection does not extend to communications made in furtherance of any illegal purpose (Proviso 1) or facts observed by the legal adviser showing that a crime or fraud has been committed *since* the commencement of their employment (Proviso 2). Option (A) is a confession of a past crime for the purpose of defense, which is protected. Options (B) and (D) are communications in furtherance of an illegal purpose, and option (C) is an observation of a crime committed since employment, none of which are protected.