Explanation:

The Sankhya (or Samkhya) philosophy is one of the six orthodox schools (astika) of Hindu philosophy. It is a dualistic philosophy that posits two ultimate realities: Purusha (consciousness) and Prakriti (matter). The traditional founder and chief proponent of the Sankhya school is the ancient sage Kapila Muni. Option A (Gautam Muni) is associated with the Nyaya school of philosophy. Option B (Jaimini Muni) is associated with the Purva Mimamsa school. Option D (Patanjali Muni) is credited with formulating the Yoga school of philosophy, particularly the Yoga Sutras. Hence, Kapil Muni is the correct figure for Sankhya Philosophy.