Explanation:

The book 'On the Origin of Species by Means of Natural Selection, or the Preservation of Favoured Races in the Struggle for Life', commonly abbreviated to 'The Origin of Species', was published in 1859 by Charles Darwin. This seminal work introduced the scientific theory that populations evolve over the course of generations through a process of natural selection. Option D, Darwin, is the correct author. Option A, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, proposed an early theory of evolution involving the inheritance of acquired characteristics. Option B, Alfred Russel Wallace, independently conceived a theory of evolution by natural selection, prompting Darwin to publish. Option C, Alexander Oparin, was a Soviet biochemist who contributed to the theory of the origin of life on Earth.