Question 1

In which generation was microprocessor introduced ?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Fourth. The microprocessor was introduced in the Fourth Generation of computers. The first commercial microprocessor, the Intel 4004, was released in 1971. This invention marked a revolutionary shift, allowing an entire central processing unit (CPU) to be placed on a single integrated circuit chip. This led to the development of personal computers and distributed computing. The (a) First generation used vacuum tubes. The (b) Second generation used transistors. The (c) Third generation used integrated circuits (ICs) but not microprocessors as the sole CPU. Therefore, the Fourth generation ($ text{d} $) is defined by the microprocessor.

Question 2

Remote processing and time sharing was introduced in—

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: third. Remote processing and time-sharing capabilities were significantly introduced and became widespread during the Third Generation of computers (approximately 1965-1971). This generation, characterized by the use of Integrated Circuits (ICs), enabled the development of more sophisticated operating systems. These operating systems could manage multiple users and tasks concurrently, allowing users to interact with the computer from remote terminals and share the computer's resources efficiently through time-sharing. The (a) First and (b) Second generations primarily used batch processing, lacking widespread remote access or time-sharing. The (d) Fourth generation further refined these concepts with personal computers and networking. Therefore, the Third generation ($ text{c} $) is when these concepts were introduced.

Question 3

Abacus was developed in—

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: China. While the concept of the abacus has ancient roots in various civilizations, including Mesopotamia and Egypt, the form most recognizable today, particularly the 'suanpan' (Chinese abacus), was highly developed and widely used in ancient China. The Chinese abacus significantly influenced its spread and evolution. Although similar devices existed elsewhere, China ($ text{b} $) is often credited with refining and popularizing the abacus as a sophisticated calculating tool. Options (a) India, (c) America, (d) Unan, and (e) Malasia are not the primary origin points for the development of the abacus.

Question 4

Supercomputer—

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: All of these. Supercomputers are the most powerful and fastest computers available, designed to perform complex calculations at extremely high speeds. They are indeed (b) 'fast and costly computer systems' due to their advanced architecture and specialized components. They are typically (c) 'used in large organisations' for highly demanding tasks such as weather forecasting, scientific research, simulations, and complex data analysis. Furthermore, they are often designed to handle (a) 'data of more than one user at a time' through parallel processing and sophisticated resource management, enabling multiple researchers or processes to utilize their immense power concurrently. Since all these statements accurately describe a supercomputer, option (d) 'All of these' is the correct answer.

Question 5

Remedy in first generation computer was—

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: B and C both. This question is ambiguously phrased with 'Remedy'. If it refers to characteristics or problems of first-generation computers, then (b) 'Large size' is a correct characteristic and a significant problem. First-generation computers, using vacuum tubes, were indeed enormous. However, (c) 'No heat generatio' (likely a typo for 'No heat generation') is factually incorrect. First-generation computers were notorious for generating immense amounts of heat due to the vacuum tubes, requiring extensive cooling systems. Therefore, if (d) 'B and C both' is the intended correct answer, it implies a factual error in option (c). A more accurate option (c) if it were a problem would be 'High heat generation'. Given the options as written, (b) is a true characteristic, but (c) is false, making (d) logically inconsistent. However, if we must select the marked answer (d), it highlights a flaw in the question's options, where (b) is a valid characteristic but (c) is factually wrong for first-generation computers.

Question 6

Types of computer on working style is—

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: a and b both. Computers can be broadly classified based on their working style or how they process data. The two primary categories are (a) Digital computers, which process discrete data (represented as binary digits, $0$s and $1$s), and (b) Analog computers, which process continuous data (represented by continuously varying physical quantities like voltage or pressure). Options (c) Micro and (d) Mini refer to classifications based on size, cost, and processing capacity, not their fundamental working style. Therefore, both Digital and Analog are types of computers based on their working style, making 'a and b both' ($ text{e} $) the correct answer.

Question 7

Minicomputer is converted into super minicomputer by using the super chip.

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: 80386. The Intel 80386 (i386), introduced in 1985, was a groundbreaking 32-bit microprocessor that significantly advanced personal computing and workstations. Its power and capabilities allowed personal computers to perform tasks previously reserved for minicomputers, effectively creating a category known as 'super minicomputers' or high-end workstations that could rival traditional minicomputers. The term 'super chip' informally refers to such powerful processors. Option (a) 80586 refers to the Intel Pentium processor, which came later. The other options are not relevant microprocessors for this context. Thus, the 80386 ($ text{b} $) played a key role in the evolution towards super minicomputers.

Question 8

.......... is television size computer.

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Micro. A Micro computer, commonly known as a Personal Computer (PC), is typically a desktop unit designed to connect to a monitor, which historically resembled a television screen in size and form factor. Compared to larger systems like (c) Super mini computers or (d) Main frame computers, microcomputers are compact enough to fit on a desk and are often associated with a display unit similar to a television. (a) Optical refers to a technology, not a computer type. Therefore, 'Micro' ($ text{b} $) is the most appropriate term for a 'television size computer' in common parlance, referring to its typical setup with a monitor.

Question 9

Processing capacity of microcomputer is .......... per second.

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: one lac. The term 'lac' is a unit in the Indian numbering system, meaning one hundred thousand ($100,000$). This question likely refers to the processing capacity of very early microcomputers, measured in operations or instructions per second. While modern microcomputers process billions of instructions per second (GIPS), early models had much lower capacities. For instance, early 8-bit microprocessors might have executed instructions in the range of hundreds of thousands per second. Given the options, 'one lac' ($ text{a} $) or $100,000$ operations per second would represent a plausible, albeit very early, processing capacity for a microcomputer. The question does not specify the exact unit (e.g., MIPS, FLOPS), but 'one lac' fits within the historical context of early microcomputer performance metrics.

Question 10

IMac is a—

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Machine. An iMac is a line of all-in-one personal computers designed and produced by Apple Inc. It is a complete computing system, integrating the display and computer components into a single unit. Therefore, it is best described as a 'Machine' ($ text{d} $) or a complete computer system. Option (a) Processor is only one component of a computer (the CPU). Option (b) Modem is a device for modulating and demodulating signals for data transmission. Option (c) Network refers to a system of interconnected computers. An iMac is a fully functional computer machine, not just a part or a concept.

Question 11

Analytical engine was developed by—

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Charles Babbage. The Analytical Engine was a mechanical general-purpose computer designed by Charles Babbage ($ text{c} $) in the 19th century. It was a revolutionary design that included an arithmetic logic unit, control flow in the form of conditional branching and loops, and integrated memory, making it a conceptual precursor to modern computers. Option (a) Ada Lovelace is recognized for her work on the Analytical Engine, particularly for writing what is considered the first computer program, but she did not develop the engine itself. Option (b) Howard Aiken developed the Harvard Mark I, an electro-mechanical computer, much later. Therefore, Charles Babbage is the sole developer of the Analytical Engine.

Question 12

What is a main characteristic of computer in the following options

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Speed. Among the given options, 'Speed' ($ text{c} $) is a fundamental and main characteristic of computers. Computers are designed to perform calculations and process data at incredibly high speeds, far surpassing human capabilities. This high processing speed is a core advantage that enables them to execute complex tasks efficiently. Option (a) File is a unit of data storage, not a characteristic of the computer itself. Option (b) Game is an application or type of software, not a characteristic. Option (d) Floppy refers to a type of storage medium, which is now largely obsolete, and not a defining characteristic of a computer. Therefore, speed is the most fitting main characteristic.

Question 13

Analog computer is-

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: A machine which works on data which is always changea. An analog computer is a type of computer that represents data as continuously varying physical quantities, such as voltage, pressure, or mechanical motion. It operates on continuous data, which can be seen as 'always changing' or continuously variable, directly modeling the problem using physical phenomena. Option (a) 'A machine which works on data which is always changea' (likely a typo for 'changing' or 'analog') accurately describes this characteristic. Option (b) 'An arithmetic high level language' describes a type of programming language, not a computer type. Option (c) 'Communicate at low level' describes a characteristic of machine-level communication, not the fundamental nature of an analog computer. Therefore, the most fitting description is that an analog computer handles continuously varying data ($ text{a} $).

Question 14

What is laptop?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Small, light weight computer which fits in a suitcase. A laptop is designed for portability and personal use. Its defining characteristics are its compact size, light weight, and integrated components (screen, keyboard, touchpad) that allow it to be easily transported and used in various locations. Option (c) 'Small, light weight computer which fits in a suitcase' perfectly encapsulates these features. Option (a) 'Computer used in clinical laboratory' describes a potential application but not the inherent nature of a laptop; other computer types can also be used there. Option (b) 'Computer made ley compact' is grammatically incorrect and vague. Therefore, the most accurate definition of a laptop is its portability and form factor ($ text{c} $).

Question 15

Computer that was made before 1st generation computer-

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Electrical. The evolution of computing devices progressed through several stages before the advent of what is formally defined as '1st generation computers' (characterized by vacuum tubes, e.g., ENIAC). Initially, there were (a) Mechanical computers like Babbage's Difference and Analytical Engines. These were followed by (b) Electro-mechanical computers, such as the Harvard Mark I and Zuse Z3, which used a combination of electrical relays and mechanical components. Immediately preceding the fully electronic 1st generation, there were early (c) Electrical (electronic) computers like the Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC) and Colossus. These machines utilized electronic components (vacuum tubes) but often lacked the general-purpose programmability or full digital architecture that defined the 1st generation. Thus, 'Electrical' ($ text{c} $) refers to these pioneering electronic machines that paved the way for the first generation.

Question 16

Main electronic part in first generation computer was—

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Vacuum tube. The First Generation of computers (approximately 1940s-1950s) was primarily characterized by the use of Vacuum tubes ($ text{c} $) as their main electronic components. These large, power-hungry, and heat-generating devices were used for circuitry and magnetic drums for memory. Option (a) Transistor was the defining component of the Second Generation. Option (d) IC (Integrated Circuit) characterized the Third Generation. Option (b) VLSI (Very Large Scale Integration) chips were the hallmark of the Fourth Generation. Therefore, Vacuum tube is the correct answer for the main electronic part of first-generation computers.

Question 17

First calculating device is —

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Abacus. The Abacus is universally acknowledged as the earliest known calculating device, with its origins tracing back to ancient Mesopotamia, evolving significantly in various cultures including China. It was used for performing basic arithmetic operations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division by manipulating beads on rods. Option (a) Clock is a device for measuring and indicating time, not primarily for calculation. Option (b) Difference Engine was a sophisticated mechanical calculator designed by Charles Babbage in the 19th century, centuries after the Abacus. Option (d) Calculator refers to modern electronic or earlier mechanical devices that perform arithmetic, all of which are much more recent inventions than the Abacus. Therefore, the Abacus ($ text{c} $) stands as the foundational calculating tool.

Question 18

First mechanical calculator was invented by -

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Blaise Pascal. The first true mechanical calculator, known as the Pascaline, was invented by Blaise Pascal in 1642. Pascal developed this device to assist his father, a tax collector, with tedious arithmetic. The Pascaline could perform addition and subtraction directly and multiplication and division through repeated operations. Option (a) Joseph Marie Jacquard is known for the Jacquard loom, which used punch cards to automate weaving patterns, a significant step in programming but not a calculator. Option (b) John Mauchley was a co-inventor of ENIAC, one of the first electronic digital computers, much later in the 20th century. Option (d) Howard Aiken developed the Harvard Mark I, an electro-mechanical computer, in the 1940s. Thus, Blaise Pascal ($ text{c} $) is correctly credited with the first mechanical calculator.

Question 19

Who invented punch card ?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Jacquard. Joseph Marie Jacquard is credited with inventing the punch card system for controlling the patterns on his mechanical loom in 1801. These punch cards automated the weaving process, demonstrating a powerful concept of using coded instructions. While Herman Hollerith later adapted and popularized punch cards for data processing and tabulation in the late 19th century (e.g., for the U.S. census), Jacquard's application was the pioneering use. Option (a) Pavrus is not associated with punch card invention. Option (c) Blaise Pascal invented the mechanical calculator (Pascaline) but not punch cards. Therefore, Jacquard ($ text{b} $) is the correct inventor in this context.

Question 20

Computer's basic architecture was developed by—

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: John Van Neumann. John von Neumann (often misspelled as Van Neumann) is widely credited with developing the concept of the stored-program computer architecture in the 1940s. This architecture, known as the von Neumann architecture, describes a design where both program instructions and data are stored in the same memory unit, which is fundamental to almost all modern computers. Option (b) Charles Babbage designed the Analytical Engine in the 19th century, a pioneering mechanical computer, but his architecture was not the 'basic architecture' for modern electronic computers in the same way von Neumann's was. Option (c) Blaise Pascal invented an early mechanical calculator (Pascaline). Option (d) Jordan Murn is not a recognized figure in computer architecture. Therefore, John von Neumann ($ text{a} $) is the correct answer for the basic architecture of modern computers.

Question 21

Characteristic of fifth generation computer is—

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Artificial intelligence. The fifth generation of computers, which began in the 1980s and continues to evolve, is primarily characterized by its focus on Artificial Intelligence (AI). This generation aims to develop computers that can understand natural language, learn, make decisions, and perform tasks that typically require human intelligence. While computers of this generation can be (a) 'Used in home' and some might eventually achieve (c) 'Very low cost', these are not the defining characteristics. The core objective and technological advancement driving the fifth generation is the integration and development of AI capabilities. Therefore, Artificial Intelligence ($ text{b} $) is the key characteristic.

Question 22

A Computer portable and easy to carry by travellers is—

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Laptop. A laptop is specifically designed to be portable and lightweight, making it ideal for travelers and mobile users. It integrates all essential components, including the display, keyboard, and pointing device, into a single, compact unit that can be easily carried. Option (a) Super computer is a large, powerful, and non-portable machine. Option (c) Mini computer is a mid-range computer, larger than a microcomputer and not typically designed for easy portability. Option (d) File servers are dedicated computers that store and manage data for other computers on a network, and are generally not portable. Thus, a Laptop ($ text{b} $) perfectly fits the description.

Question 23

In production of I.C. chip of computer what is needed in the following?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Silicon. Integrated Circuits (ICs), commonly known as computer chips, are primarily fabricated from semiconductor materials. Among the available options, Silicon ($ text{b} $) is the most widely used and fundamental semiconductor material for manufacturing IC chips due to its excellent electrical properties and abundance. It allows for the precise control of electrical conductivity required for transistors and other components on a chip. Options (a) Chromium, (c) Platinum, and (d) Gold are metals that can be used in chip manufacturing for interconnects or contacts due to their conductivity, but they are not the primary semiconductor material from which the transistors and diodes are formed. Therefore, Silicon is the essential material.

Question 24

In which generation did multiprogramming start?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Third generation. Multiprogramming, which allows multiple programs to reside in memory simultaneously and share the CPU, became a prominent feature in the Third Generation of computers. This generation, characterized by the use of Integrated Circuits (ICs), saw the development of sophisticated operating systems that could manage these complex tasks, along with time-sharing and remote processing. The (a) First generation used vacuum tubes and typically ran one program at a time. The (b) Second generation introduced transistors and batch processing but multiprogramming was not yet widespread. The (d) Fourth generation further advanced with microprocessors and personal computing. Therefore, multiprogramming significantly emerged in the Third generation ($ text{c} $).

Question 25

Multics operating system for mainframe was developed by—

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Bell laboratory. Multics (Multiplexed Information and Computing Service) was a pioneering time-sharing operating system developed in the mid-1960s. It was a collaborative project involving Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), General Electric (GE), and Bell Labs. Bell Labs ($ text{d} $) played a crucial role in its development, contributing significantly to its design and implementation. Although Bell Labs eventually withdrew from the project, their initial contributions were fundamental. Option (b) Microsoft was founded much later and developed operating systems like MS-DOS and Windows. The other options are not associated with Multics development. Thus, Bell Laboratory is a correct part of its origin.

Question 26

First mechanical computer of Charles Babbage is known as—

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Calculator. Charles Babbage designed two significant mechanical computing devices: the Difference Engine and the Analytical Engine. His (c) 'Calculator' refers to the Difference Engine, which was his first major design (starting in 1822) intended to automate the calculation of polynomial functions for mathematical tables. It was a specialized mechanical calculator. The Analytical Engine, conceived later, was a more general-purpose mechanical computer. Option (a) Palmtop is a modern, very small portable computer. Option (b) Processor is a general term for a component that carries out instructions. Option (d) Punchcard machine is more associated with Herman Hollerith's tabulating machines, although Babbage's Analytical Engine was designed to use punch cards for input. Therefore, 'Calculator' ($ text{c} $) best describes his first mechanical computing device, the Difference Engine.

Question 27

First supercomputer of the world was developed in—

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: 1976. The Cray-1, designed by Seymour Cray and released by Cray Research, is widely recognized as one of the first and most successful supercomputers. It was first delivered to the Los Alamos National Laboratory in 1976. This machine revolutionized high-performance computing with its innovative vector processing architecture. While other powerful computers existed before, the Cray-1 set a new standard for supercomputing. Therefore, the year 1976 ($ text{b} $) marks the development and delivery of this landmark supercomputer. The other years listed are either too early or too late for this specific milestone.

Question 28

Computer for personal use is—

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Micro computer. A Micro computer, also commonly known as a Personal Computer (PC), is specifically designed for individual use in homes, offices, and schools. These computers are relatively small, inexpensive, and have sufficient processing power for everyday tasks like word processing, internet browsing, and gaming. Option (a) Mini computer is a mid-range computer, larger and more powerful than a microcomputer, often used in small businesses or scientific applications. Option (b) Super computer is a high-performance machine used for complex scientific calculations, not personal use. Option (d) Mainframe computer is a large, powerful system used by large organizations for critical applications and bulk data processing. Thus, a Micro computer ($ text{c} $) is the correct term for a personal-use computer.

Question 29

Father of computer is called—

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Charls Babbage. Charles Babbage (often misspelled as Charls Babbage) is widely regarded as the 'Father of the Computer' due to his visionary conceptual designs for the Difference Engine and, more importantly, the Analytical Engine in the 19th century. The Analytical Engine incorporated many features found in modern computers, such as a stored program, conditional branching, and an arithmetic logic unit. Option (a) Marconi is known for his pioneering work on radio. Option (b) Edison (Adison) is famous for inventions like the light bulb and phonograph. Option (d) Herman Hollerith developed punch card tabulating machines for data processing. Therefore, Charles Babbage ($ text{c} $) is the correct answer.

Question 30

First supercomputer developed in India is—

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Param 8000. PARAM 8000 was India's first indigenous supercomputer, developed by the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC) in 1991. This marked a significant achievement for India in high-performance computing, demonstrating its capability to build supercomputers after being denied access to foreign technology. Options (b) Aryabhatt was India's first satellite. Options (c) Buddha and (d) Ram are not associated with Indian supercomputer development. Therefore, PARAM 8000 ($ text{a} $) is the correct answer.

Question 31

Faster computer is—

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Super computer. Among the given options, a Super computer ($ text{b} $) is unequivocally the fastest type of computer. Supercomputers are designed for extreme computational power, capable of performing trillions of operations per second (teraflops or petaflops), far exceeding the capabilities of other categories. (a) Mini computers are mid-range systems. (c) Micro computers (personal computers) are for individual use. (d) Mainframes are powerful, high-volume transaction processors but are optimized for reliability and throughput rather than raw speed for single complex tasks like supercomputers. Therefore, Super computer is the fastest.

Question 32

Which generation of computer is worked with FORTRAN ?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Second. FORTRAN (Formula Translation) was one of the earliest high-level programming languages, developed by IBM in the mid-1950s. Its widespread adoption and use began in the Second Generation of computers (approximately 1959-1965), which were characterized by transistors replacing vacuum tubes. This generation saw the shift from machine and assembly languages to more user-friendly high-level languages like FORTRAN and COBOL. The (a) First generation primarily used machine language. The (c) Third and (d) Fourth generations continued to use and develop high-level languages but FORTRAN's prominence began in the second. Therefore, the Second generation ($ text{b} $) is when FORTRAN became a significant programming tool.

Question 33

Which system is used by the digital computers to encode data and programs?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Binary. Digital computers fundamentally use the binary number system (base-$2$) to encode all data and programs internally. This system represents information using only two symbols, $0$ and $1$, which are easily translated into electrical states within the computer's hardware. Decimal, hexadecimal, and octal are used for human-readable representations.

Question 34

What is the name of the first super computer of the world?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: CDC 6600. The CDC $6600$, designed by Seymour Cray and released in $1964$, is widely acknowledged as the world's first successful supercomputer, setting new benchmarks for computational performance. USENET is a network system. Commodore VIC-$20$ was a home computer. PARAM-$10000$ is a much later Indian supercomputer.

Question 35

Which of the following schemes is aimed at helping accelerate the uptake of broadband internet services?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: PM-WANI. PM-WANI (Prime Minister's Wi-Fi Access Network Interface) is an initiative by the Indian government aimed at boosting public Wi-Fi networks and accelerating the adoption of broadband internet services across the country, particularly in rural and underserved areas. The other options are not recognized schemes for broadband acceleration.

Question 36

'Industry 4.0' is a complex cyber-physical system which synergies production with digital technologies. The Ministry of Railways and the Department of Science and Technology have joined hands in partnership with which institution for taking up a unique project on 'Industry 4.0'?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: IIT Kanpur. The Ministry of Railways and the Department of Science and Technology collaborated with IIT Kanpur on a unique project focused on 'Industry 4.0'. This partnership aims to integrate advanced digital technologies and cyber-physical systems into railway operations and manufacturing, aligning with modern industrial transformation.

Question 37

A.......... is a large and expensive computer capable of simultaneous processing data for hundreds or thousands of users.

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: mainframe computer. A mainframe computer is a large, expensive, and powerful computer system capable of simultaneously processing vast amounts of data and supporting hundreds or thousands of users. They are primarily used by large organizations for critical applications, bulk data processing, and transaction processing. Handheld, personal, and tablet computers are single-user devices.

Question 38

At first punched card was used by-

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Joseph Marie. Joseph Marie Jacquard is credited with the early use of punched cards to control his automated loom in 1801, a significant precursor to data processing. Blaise Pascal invented the mechanical calculator Pascaline. Howard Aiken developed the Harvard Mark I electro-mechanical computer. John Mauchly was a co-inventor of the ENIAC, an early electronic computer.

Question 39

Which of following refers to the fastest, biggest and most expansive computer?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Super computer. Supercomputers are specifically engineered for maximum computational speed and are typically the largest and most expensive computer systems. They are deployed for highly demanding tasks like complex simulations, weather forecasting, and scientific research, far exceeding the capabilities of personal computers, laptops, or notebooks.

Question 40

Which type of computer could be found in a digital watch?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Embedded compute. A digital watch contains an embedded computer, which is a specialized computer system designed to perform a dedicated function within a larger device. Unlike general-purpose computers like mainframes or notebooks, embedded systems are highly integrated and optimized for their specific task.

Question 41

A personal computer is designed to meet the computing needs of ......

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: individual. A personal computer (PC) is specifically designed to cater to the computing needs of an individual user. It provides the necessary tools for personal productivity, entertainment, and communication, in contrast to larger systems like servers or mainframes that serve departments or entire companies.

Question 42

The first computer was programmed using ..........

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Machine language. The earliest electronic computers, such as the ENIAC, were programmed directly using machine language. This low-level language consists of binary instructions ($0$s and $1$s) that the computer's central processing unit (CPU) can execute directly without further translation. Assembly language and higher-level source codes were developed later.

Question 43

Digital computers use a .......... system to encode date and programs.

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: binary. Digital computers fundamentally utilize the binary number system (base-$2$) to encode all data and programs. This system represents information using only two states, typically $0$ and $1$, which are easily represented by electrical signals (e.g., on/off, high/low voltage) within the computer's circuitry.

Question 44

A computer falls into the ........ category if it is, at the time of construction one of the fastest computers in the world.

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: supercomputer. A computer is classified as a supercomputer if, at the time of its construction, it is among the fastest and most powerful computers available globally. Supercomputers are designed for extreme computational tasks, distinguishing them from minicomputers and microcomputers, which have significantly lower performance capabilities.

Question 45

Microcomputer hardware consists of three basic categories of physical equipment-

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: System unit, primary storage, secondary storage. The three basic categories of physical equipment comprising microcomputer hardware are the system unit (housing the CPU, motherboard, etc.), primary storage (RAM, for active data and instructions), and secondary storage (e.g., hard drives, SSDs, for long-term data persistence). Input/output devices are essential but often considered peripherals.

Question 46

CRAY is a-

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Super computer. Cray Inc. is a renowned American company specializing in the design and manufacture of supercomputers. Cray machines, such as the Cray-1, are iconic examples of supercomputers, known for their high-performance computing capabilities used in scientific and engineering fields.

Question 47

Which is the smallest of the following computers?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Notebook. Among the given options, a notebook computer is generally the smallest and most portable. While often used interchangeably with "laptop," notebooks typically refer to lighter and more compact models. Laptops, desktops, and workstations are progressively larger and less portable.

Question 48

Which device uses a handheld operation system?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: APDA. The question asks for a device using a "handheld operation system." APDA (Apple Programmers and Developers Association) is an organization, not a device. Personal computers, laptops, and mainframes use desktop or server operating systems, not handheld ones. Handheld operating systems are designed for devices like PDAs, smartphones, or tablets, which are not listed as correct options. Therefore, the question or the marked answer is flawed.

Question 49

A........ computer (also referred to as a laptop), is a small, lightweight personal computer that incorporates the screen, the keyboard, storage, and processing components into a single portable unit.

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: notebook. A notebook computer (also commonly referred to as a laptop) is a small, lightweight personal computer designed for portability. It integrates the screen, keyboard, processing components, and storage into a single, compact unit, making it ideal for mobile use. Journal, diary, and briefcase are not computer types.

Question 50

The main characteristic of 4th generation was-

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: VLSI. The main characteristic of the fourth generation of computers (approximately 1971-present) is the development and application of Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) technology, which allowed millions of transistors to be integrated onto a single silicon chip, leading to the creation of microprocessors. Transistors characterized the second generation, and ICs the third.

Question 51

Which one is not a type of computer on the basis of size ?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Optical computer. Computer classifications by size include Micro, Mini, Super Mini, and Mainframe computers, which denote varying physical dimensions and processing capacities. An Optical computer, however, is categorized by its underlying technology (using light for computation) rather than its physical size, making it distinct from the size-based classifications.

Question 52

.......... is not a micro computer.

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Atomic computer. Home computers, Personal computers, and Laptops are all examples of microcomputers, characterized by their small size and single-user design. An Atomic computer is not a recognized or standard classification of computer architecture or type within the field of computing, thus it is not a microcomputer.

Question 53

The great contribution in the development of computer was by-

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: C. Babbage. Charles Babbage is widely recognized as the "Father of the Computer" for his pioneering work on the Analytical Engine, whose conceptual design included many fundamental elements of modern computers like a CPU, memory, and programmable instructions, making his contribution paramount. Blaise Pascal invented an early mechanical calculator. H. Hallerilt and Van Neumann are not primarily credited with the greatest overall contribution to computer development.

Question 54

Great contributor in development of blueprint of rhythmical computer was-

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: C. Babbage. Charles Babbage is the primary contributor to the "blueprint" of a programmable computer with his design of the Analytical Engine. The term "rhythmical computer" is likely a typographical error, possibly intended as "analytical computer" or a similar concept related to Babbage's work. Blaise Pascal invented a mechanical calculator. H. Hallerilt and Willium Buras are not significant figures in this specific context.

Question 55

Modern computer was developed in-

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: 1946. The ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and Computer), often considered the first general-purpose electronic digital computer, was completed and became operational in 1946. This marked a pivotal moment in the development of modern computing, establishing the foundation for subsequent electronic computers.

Question 56

Who developed integrated chip ?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: J.S. Kilbi. Jack Kilby (referred to as J.S. Kilbi in the text) of Texas Instruments is widely credited with inventing the integrated circuit (IC) in 1958, a revolutionary development that miniaturized electronic circuits. C.V. Raman was a physicist. C. Babbage is known for the Analytical Engine. Robert Noyce also independently developed an IC.

Question 57

Which material is layered at magnetic disk?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Iron oxide. Magnetic disks, such as those found in hard drives, store data by magnetizing tiny regions on a thin layer of ferromagnetic material. Iron oxide (specifically gamma ferric oxide) was a commonly used magnetic coating material on early magnetic storage media due to its suitable magnetic properties. Phosphorus bentaoxide, Magnesium oxide, and Sodium peroxide are not typically used for this purpose.

Question 58

The most powerful computer is ..........

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Super computer. Supercomputers are specifically designed to achieve the highest possible computational performance, making them the most powerful category of computers. They are used for complex scientific and engineering problems. Microcomputers (personal computers) and minicomputers have significantly lower processing capabilities compared to supercomputers.

Question 59

In a silicon chip of complete electronic circuit with transistors and other the electronic devices is called-

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Integrated circuit. An Integrated Circuit (IC), also known as a microchip, is a miniature electronic circuit fabricated on a single piece of semiconductor material, typically silicon, integrating numerous transistors and other electronic components. A CPU (Central Processing Unit) is indeed an IC, but "Integrated circuit" is the broader and more accurate term for the description of a complete electronic circuit on a silicon chip.

Question 60

The digital computer is worked on the theory of ..........

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Logical. Digital computers fundamentally operate based on Boolean logic, processing information using binary digits (0s and 1s) through logical gates (AND, OR, NOT). While they perform complex calculations, the underlying theoretical framework is logical operations rather than direct measurement or simply electrical principles.

Question 61

The super computer is distinguish from other computers by-

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Large memory and calculating power. Supercomputers are primarily distinguished from other computers by their exceptionally large memory capacity and immense calculating power, enabling them to perform highly complex computations at unparalleled speeds. While they often have high costs and specific cooling requirements, these are consequences of their superior performance, not their defining characteristics.

Question 62

A modem digital computer uses .......... number system...

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: binary. Modern digital computers fundamentally operate using the binary number system (base-2), representing all data and instructions as sequences of 0s and 1s. While decimal, hexadecimal, or octal systems can be used for human interaction or specific programming contexts, the computer's internal processing is based on binary logic.

Question 63

PARAM was developed by .........

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: C-DAC. The PARAM series of supercomputers was designed and developed by the Centre for Development of Advanced Computing (C-DAC), a premier R&D organization in India. IIT Kanpur, BARC (Bhabha Atomic Research Centre), and IIT Delhi are prominent institutions but are not primarily responsible for the PARAM supercomputer series.

Question 64

Which generation was developed by the discovery of I.C.?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Third generation. The third generation of computers (approximately 1964-1971) is defined by the invention and widespread use of Integrated Circuits (ICs), which drastically reduced computer size, increased reliability, and improved processing speed compared to the transistor-based second generation. The first generation used vacuum tubes.

Comp Chap 2

79 Questions Available

Comp Chap 2

79 Questions Available

Question 1: In which generation was microprocessor introduced ?

Question 2: Remote processing and time sharing was introduced in—

Question 3: Abacus was developed in—

Question 4: Supercomputer—

Question 5: Remedy in first generation computer was—

Question 6: Types of computer on working style is—

Question 7: Minicomputer is converted into super minicomputer by using the super chip.

Question 8: .......... is television size computer.

Question 9: Processing capacity of microcomputer is .......... per second.

Question 10: IMac is a—

Question 11: Analytical engine was developed by—

Question 12: What is a main characteristic of computer in the following options

Question 13: Analog computer is-

Question 14: What is laptop?

Question 15: Computer that was made before 1st generation computer-

Question 16: Main electronic part in first generation computer was—

Question 17: First calculating device is —

Question 18: First mechanical calculator was invented by -

Question 19: Who invented punch card ?

Question 20: Computer's basic architecture was developed by—

Question 21: Characteristic of fifth generation computer is—

Question 22: A Computer portable and easy to carry by travellers is—

Question 23: In production of I.C. chip of computer what is needed in the following?

Question 24: In which generation did multiprogramming start?

Question 25: Multics operating system for mainframe was developed by—

Question 26: First mechanical computer of Charles Babbage is known as—

Question 27: First supercomputer of the world was developed in—

Question 28: Computer for personal use is—

Question 29: Father of computer is called—

Question 30: First supercomputer developed in India is—

Question 31: Faster computer is—

Question 32: Which generation of computer is worked with FORTRAN ?

Question 33: Which system is used by the digital computers to encode data and programs?

Question 34: What is the name of the first super computer of the world?

Question 35: Which of the following schemes is aimed at helping accelerate the uptake of broadband internet services?

Question 36: 'Industry 4.0' is a complex cyber-physical system which synergies production with digital technologies. The Ministry of Railways and the Department of

Question 37: A.......... is a large and expensive computer capable of simultaneous processing data for hundreds or thousands of users.

Question 38: At first punched card was used by-

Question 39: Which of following refers to the fastest, biggest and most expansive computer?

Question 40: Which type of computer could be found in a digital watch?

Question 41: A personal computer is designed to meet the computing needs of ......

Question 42: The first computer was programmed using ..........

Question 43: Digital computers use a .......... system to encode date and programs.

Question 44: A computer falls into the ........ category if it is, at the time of construction one of the fastest computers in the world.

Question 45: Microcomputer hardware consists of three basic categories of physical equipment-

Question 46: CRAY is a-

Question 47: Which is the smallest of the following computers?

Question 48: Which device uses a handheld operation system?

Question 49: A........ computer (also referred to as a laptop), is a small, lightweight personal computer that incorporates the screen, the keyboard, storage, and

Question 50: The main characteristic of 4th generation was-