A permanent memory, which halls data and instruction for start-up the computer and does not erase data after power off.
Verified Answer
A. (a) Network interface card
B. (b) CPU
C. (c) RAM
D. (d) ROM
E. (e) None of these
Explanation:
Option (d) ROM (Read-Only Memory) is the correct answer. ROM is a type of non-volatile memory that stores essential system instructions, such as the BIOS or firmware, which are crucial for the computer's startup process and remain intact even when the power is off. Option (a) Network Interface Card (NIC) is hardware for network communication. Option (b) CPU (Central Processing Unit) is the processor, not a memory type for permanent storage. Option (c) RAM (Random Access Memory) is volatile memory, meaning it loses its contents when the power is turned off. Therefore, (e) None of these is incorrect.