Question 1

What is virtual memory?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Memory of hard disk which is used by CPU as extended RAM. Virtual memory is a memory management technique that allows a computer to compensate for physical memory (RAM) shortages by temporarily transferring data from RAM to disk storage. It creates the illusion of a larger main memory than is physically available, enabling the CPU to run larger programs or multiple programs concurrently by using a portion of the hard disk as an extension of RAM. Option (a) accurately describes this function. Option (b) is incorrect because virtual memory is primarily disk-based, not located in RAM itself. Option (c) is incorrect; virtual memory is used to augment existing RAM, not only when there is no RAM. Option (d) is incorrect as virtual memory is a memory management technique, not a backup device for floppy discs. Hence, (a) is the correct definition.

Question 2

The ......... tells the computer how to use its components.

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: operating system. The operating system (OS) is the master control program that manages all the computer's hardware and software resources. It acts as an intermediary between the user and the computer hardware, providing a platform for application programs to run. The OS is responsible for managing the CPU, memory, storage devices, and input/output operations, effectively telling the computer how to utilize its various components. Option (a) 'utility' software performs specific maintenance tasks, but doesn't manage the entire system. Option (b) 'application' software performs user-specific tasks (e.g., word processing) and relies on the OS. Option (d) 'network' refers to interconnected computers, not the core software managing a single computer's components. Therefore, (c) 'operating system' is the correct answer.

Question 3

The main purpose of software is to convert data into

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: information. The primary function of software is to process raw data and transform it into meaningful information. Data, in its raw form, is a collection of facts and figures, while information is processed, organized, and structured data that provides context and meaning. Software applications are designed to take input data, perform operations on it (e.g., calculations, sorting, filtering), and then present the results as understandable information. Option (a) 'web site' is a specific application or platform, not the general output of data conversion. Option (c) 'program' is software itself, not what data is converted into. Option (d) 'object' can refer to a concept in object-oriented programming or a physical entity, neither of which represents the general purpose of data conversion by software. Thus, (b) 'information' is the correct answer.

Question 4

The transfer of data from a CPU to peripheral devices of computer is achieved through-

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Interfaces. The transfer of data from the CPU to peripheral devices is achieved through 'Interfaces'. An interface, in this context, refers to the communication standards, protocols, and the associated electronic circuitry that enable different hardware components or devices to interact and exchange data. Computer ports (option b) are the physical connectors where these interfaces are exposed, allowing peripherals to be physically attached. However, the actual mechanism of data transfer, including the electrical signals and data formatting, is governed by the underlying interface (e.g., USB interface, PCI Express interface). Option (a) 'Modems' are used for network communication over long distances, not for direct CPU-to-peripheral transfer. Option (d) 'Buffer memory' is temporary storage used to synchronize data flow between devices of different speeds, but it is not the primary means by which data transfer is achieved. Thus, 'Interfaces' (c) provides the most comprehensive explanation of the underlying mechanism.

Question 5

Repair for known software bug, which is generally available free of cost on internet is called .........

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Patch. A 'patch' is a set of changes to a computer program or its supporting data, designed to update, fix, or improve it. Patches are commonly released by software developers to correct bugs, address security vulnerabilities, or add minor enhancements. They are frequently distributed online, often free of charge. Option (a) 'Version' refers to a specific release of a software product, not a bug fix. Option (c) 'Tutorials' are instructional guides on how to use software. Option (d) 'FAQ' (Frequently Asked Questions) is a list of common questions and their answers. Therefore, (b) 'Patch' is the correct term for a repair for a known software bug.

Question 6

What is backup?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Copy to save a data from original source to other destination. Backup is the process of creating copies of data from an original source and storing them in a separate location or on a different medium. The primary purpose of a backup is to ensure that data can be recovered in the event of data loss due to hardware failure, accidental deletion, cyber-attacks, or other unforeseen circumstances. Option (b) accurately describes this process: 'Copy to save a data from original source to other destination'. Option (a) 'Connect his network to more component' is unrelated to data backup. Option (c) 'Filter an old data from new data' describes a data management or analysis task, not backup. Option (d) 'Access data from tape' describes a method of data retrieval from a specific storage medium often used for backups, but it is not the definition of backup itself. Hence, (b) is the correct answer.

Question 7

The ......... manual tells you how to use a software program.

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Documentation. Software 'Documentation' refers to all written materials that explain how a software program works, how to use it, and its technical specifications. A user manual, which instructs users on how to operate a software program, is a specific type of documentation. Option (a) 'Documentation' is the most appropriate and encompassing term. Option (b) 'Programming' is the act of creating software, not a manual. Option (c) 'User' is the individual who interacts with the software, not the manual itself. Option (d) 'Technical' documentation is a specific category of documentation, but 'Documentation' is the broader and more fitting answer for a general manual. Option (e) 'Designer' is a role involved in software development. Therefore, (a) is the correct answer.

Question 8

A (n) ......... is a set of programs designed to manage the resources of a computer, including starting the computer, managing programs, managing memory and coordinating tasks between input and output devices.

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Operating system (OS). The description provided perfectly defines an 'Operating system (OS)'. An OS is the core software that manages all computer hardware and software resources. Its fundamental responsibilities include booting the computer, allocating memory, scheduling CPU time, managing files, handling input and output operations, and providing a platform for application programs to run. Option (a) 'Application suite' is a collection of application programs (e.g., Microsoft Office), not a system manager. Option (b) 'Compiler' is a program that translates source code into machine code. Option (c) 'Input/output system' refers to the mechanisms for handling I/O, which is a component of what the OS manages, not the manager itself. Option (d) 'Interface' is a point of interaction, not the entire resource management system. Thus, (e) 'Operating system (OS)' is the correct answer.

Question 9

The set of instructions which tells a computer what to do is called .....

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: program. A 'program' is a precisely defined, step-by-step sequence of instructions that a computer can execute to perform a specific task or achieve a particular outcome. These instructions are written in a programming language and then translated into a form the computer's processor can understand. Option (d) 'program' accurately describes this set of instructions. Option (a) 'matter' refers to physical substance and is unrelated to computer instructions. Option (b) 'instructor' is a person who teaches. Option (c) 'compiler' is a software tool that translates source code into machine code, it is not the instructions themselves. Option (e) 'debugger' is a tool used to find and fix errors in programs. Therefore, (d) 'program' is the correct answer.

Question 10

......... is a process of searching bugs in software.

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Debugging. Debugging is the systematic process of identifying, analyzing, and removing errors or 'bugs' from computer software. It involves examining the code, tracing its execution, and using specialized tools to pinpoint the source of unexpected behavior or incorrect results. Option (a) 'Compiling' is the process of translating source code written in a high-level programming language into machine code. Option (b) 'Testing' is the broader process of evaluating software to find bugs and ensure it meets requirements, but 'debugging' specifically refers to the act of searching for and fixing those bugs. Option (c) 'Running' simply means executing the software. Therefore, (d) 'Debugging' is the most accurate description of the process of searching for and resolving bugs.

Question 11

Each component of computer is either

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: hardware or software. The fundamental components of any computer system are broadly categorized into hardware and software. Hardware refers to the physical, tangible parts of a computer, such as the CPU, RAM, motherboard, and input/output devices. Software, on the other hand, consists of the intangible programs, data, and instructions that tell the hardware what to do. Option (a) correctly identifies these two overarching categories. Option (b) is incorrect because CPU/RAM are specific hardware components, not a general category, and 'software' is only one part. Option (c) 'application software' is a specific type of software, not a fundamental division of all computer components. Option (d) 'input devices or output devices' are specific types of hardware, not encompassing all hardware or software. Therefore, (a) is the only comprehensive and correct classification.

Question 12

What is Linux ?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: An operating system. Linux is primarily an 'operating system.' More specifically, it refers to the Linux kernel, which is the core component of a Unix-like operating system. When people refer to 'Linux,' they often mean a complete Linux distribution, which includes the kernel, system utilities, libraries, and application software, forming a fully functional operating system. While Linux is undoubtedly 'software,' 'operating system' is a more precise and accurate classification of its nature and function. It is not a 'site' (website) or 'graphics' software. Therefore, 'An operating system' is the best description.

Question 13

Which software for work at is uses a computer ?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Application. The question, though slightly awkwardly phrased, asks for the type of software used by a computer for specific 'work' or tasks. 'Application software' is designed to perform specific tasks for the end-user, such as word processing, web browsing, graphic design, or data analysis. It directly enables users to accomplish their work. 'System software' manages and controls the computer hardware and provides a platform for application software. A 'Program' is a general term for a set of instructions, and an application is a type of program. A 'Package' typically refers to a collection of related software. Given the options, 'Application' software is the most fitting description for software used for 'work' by a user on a computer.

Question 14

A software which controls the hardware of a computer is

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: system. 'System software' is the category of software responsible for managing and controlling the computer's hardware components and providing a platform for application software to run. This includes operating systems, device drivers, and utility programs. 'Application software' is designed for specific user tasks (e.g., word processors, web browsers). A 'program' is a general term for a set of instructions, which can be either system or application software. 'Memory' is a hardware component, not a type of software. Therefore, system software is the correct answer as it directly controls the hardware.

Question 15

Which database package uses on Ms-DOS based personal computers?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: D base 3. Among the given options, 'dBase III' (often written as DBASE III or dBase 3) was a highly popular and widely used database management system for MS-DOS based personal computers during the 1980s. It was a foundational product for many business applications. 'Coral' is not a recognized database package in this context; it might be a misspelling or an obscure reference. 'WordStar' was a prominent word processing application, not a database. 'AutoCAD' is a computer-aided design (CAD) software, used for 2D and 3D design and drafting, completely unrelated to database management. Therefore, dBase III is the correct answer.

Question 16

Linux is an example of ..........

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Open sources software. Linux is fundamentally an example of open-source software. This means its source code is freely available to the public, allowing anyone to view, modify, and distribute it under specific licenses. This collaborative development model fosters innovation and transparency. Freeware refers to software that is available at no cost but typically without access to its source code, limiting modification. Shareware is distributed with a trial period or limited functionality, requiring payment for full use. Complimentary software implies it's given for free, often as a bonus, but doesn't necessarily mean its source code is open. Therefore, 'Open sources software' is the most accurate and defining characteristic of Linux among the given options.

Question 17

The physical structure of a computer is called a .......

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: hardware. The term 'hardware' refers to all the physical, tangible components of a computer system that can be seen and touched. This includes the central processing unit (CPU), memory, storage devices, input/output devices, and the casing itself. 'Software,' in contrast, refers to the intangible set of instructions, programs, and data that tell the hardware what to do. A 'keyboard' and 'memory' are specific examples of hardware components, but they do not encompass the entire physical structure of a computer. Thus, 'hardware' is the correct general term.

Question 18

Generally which software uses to keep record of data?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Database software. Database software, such as Database Management Systems (DBMS), is specifically designed for creating, managing, and retrieving structured collections of data, making it ideal for keeping records. It provides tools for data entry, storage, organization, and querying. Word processing software (e.g., Microsoft Word) is used for creating and editing text documents. An operating system (e.g., Windows, macOS) manages the computer's hardware and software resources. Utility software performs maintenance tasks for the computer system (e.g., antivirus, disk defragmenters). While all software deals with data to some extent, only database software has the primary function of systematically keeping and managing records.

Question 19

DOS stands for

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Disc operating system. DOS is an acronym that stands for 'Disk Operating System.' It was a family of operating systems that ran from the early 1980s until the mid-1990s, most notably MS-DOS from Microsoft. Its primary function was to manage disk storage and provide a command-line interface for users to interact with the computer. The term 'Disk' refers to its reliance on floppy disks and hard disks for storing and retrieving data and programs. The other options are incorrect interpretations of the acronym, misrepresenting the core functionality or components of this historical operating system.

Question 20

To work on a computer mainly we need ......................

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: a and b both. To effectively work on a computer, both 'hardware' and 'software' are absolutely essential. Hardware refers to the physical components like the CPU, memory, and input/output devices, which provide the physical infrastructure. Software, on the other hand, consists of the programs and instructions that tell the hardware what to do, enabling it to perform tasks. Without hardware, there's nothing to run the software on, and without software, the hardware is just inert machinery. A 'scanner' is an optional peripheral device for inputting images, not a fundamental requirement for general computer operation. Therefore, the combination of both hardware and software is necessary.

Question 21

Tangible, physical computer equipment that can be seen and touched is called

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Hardware. The description 'tangible, physical computer equipment that can be seen and touched' precisely defines 'Hardware.' Hardware encompasses all the physical components of a computer system, including the motherboard, CPU, RAM, hard drive, monitor, keyboard, and mouse. 'Software' is the opposite; it is intangible, consisting of programs and data. 'Storage' refers to hardware components like hard drives or SSDs that retain data, and 'Input/output' refers to devices like keyboards, mice, and printers that allow interaction with the computer. Both storage and input/output are categories of hardware, but 'Hardware' is the overarching term for all such physical equipment.

Question 22

A collection of programs that controls how the computer system runs and processes information is called—

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Operating System. An 'Operating System' (OS) is a collection of software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs. It acts as an intermediary between the user and the computer hardware, controlling how the system runs and processes information, including memory management, process scheduling, and file system management. A 'Compiler' translates high-level programming code into machine code. A 'Linker' combines object files and libraries into an executable program. An 'Assembler' translates assembly language code into machine code. These three are programming tools, not the central system manager like an OS.

Question 23

When was Unix developed ?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: 1969. Unix was developed in 1969 at Bell Labs by a group of AT&T employees, including Ken Thompson, Dennis Ritchie, Douglas McIlroy, and Joe Ossanna. It emerged from the Multics project and was initially written in assembly language, later famously rewritten in the C programming language. The other dates provided are incorrect in the context of Unix's initial development. The year 1969 marks a significant milestone in computing history with the birth of this influential operating system, which laid the groundwork for many modern operating systems, including Linux and macOS.

Question 24

Basic language of Unix is

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: None of these. The core of the Unix operating system, particularly its kernel, was famously rewritten in the 'C' programming language. While early versions had components written in assembly language, 'C' became the dominant language for its development due to its portability and efficiency. None of the options provided (Cobol, Basic, Assembly, Java) represent the primary language for Unix's development. 'Cobol' is a business-oriented language, 'Basic' is a general-purpose language, 'Assembly' is a low-level language (used initially but not for the bulk of Unix), and 'Java' was developed much later. Therefore, 'None of these' is the correct choice, as 'C' is the answer.

Question 25

Characteristics of Unix are ..........

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: At a time more than one people can work. Unix is renowned for several key characteristics that made it a powerful and versatile operating system. One of its most fundamental features is its multi-user capability, meaning that at a time more than one people can work on the system simultaneously, each with their own processes and resources. This is directly addressed by option (b). Another core characteristic is multitasking, which means at a time more than one work (processes) can be executed concurrently, as stated in option (a). Both (a) and (b) are valid characteristics. However, if only one option can be chosen, the multi-user aspect (b) was particularly significant for Unix's adoption in server environments and shared computing. While Unix is generally considered robust and secure (hence 'More safe' in option c is partially true, but subjective), and its kernel indeed manages system resources including data (option d), multi-user and multitasking are more defining high-level characteristics. Given the options, (b) highlights a distinct and important feature of Unix.

Question 26

A computer converts a high level program into a low level program with the help of ...........

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: (a) and (b) both. High-level programming languages are designed for human readability, but computers only understand machine code (low-level language). To bridge this gap, a translation process is required. Both compilers and interpreters serve this purpose. A compiler translates the entire high-level program into machine code before execution, creating an executable file. An interpreter, on the other hand, translates and executes the program line by line. Therefore, both compilers and interpreters are tools used to convert high-level programs into low-level programs that a computer can understand and execute. Option (a) 'compiler' is correct, and option (b) 'interpreter' is also correct, making option (c) the most comprehensive answer. Option (d) 'package' refers to a collection of software, not a translator. Option (e) is incorrect as (a) and (b) are valid.

Question 27

In a computer which is the main part of system software?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Operating system. System software is a type of computer program that is designed to run a computer's hardware and application programs. The Operating System (OS) is the most crucial component of system software. It manages computer hardware and software resources, provides common services for computer programs, and acts as an interface between the user and the hardware. Without an OS, a computer cannot function effectively. While compilers and interpreters (options a and b) are also types of system software (specifically language processors), they are not the main part or the core foundation upon which all other software runs. A 'package' (option d) is a collection of software, which might include application software or system utilities, but it's not the fundamental system software itself. Thus, the operating system is unequivocally the main part.

Question 28

A program available in the market to use in a computer is called .....

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: software package. When software is made available in the market for users, it is typically distributed as a software package. A software package refers to a collection of programs, libraries, data, and documentation that are bundled together and sold or distributed as a single unit to perform specific tasks or provide a set of functionalities. While it is indeed a 'software program' (option a), 'software package' (option b) is a more specific and appropriate term for a commercial product. 'Software system' (option c) is a broader term that can refer to an entire collection of integrated software components, including operating systems and applications, but 'package' is more suitable for a marketable product. 'Software language' (option d) refers to programming languages, not the end-user product itself. Therefore, 'software package' accurately describes a marketable program.

Question 29

What is turnkey system ?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Complete hardware and software. A turnkey system is a type of computer system that is sold to a customer as a complete package, ready to use immediately upon delivery and installation. The term 'turnkey' implies that the user simply needs to 'turn a key' to start using it, without needing to integrate different components or install extensive software. This means it includes both the necessary hardware (physical components) and the required software (programs and operating system) to perform its intended function. Option (b) 'Complete software' and (d) 'Complete hardware' are incomplete descriptions, as a true turnkey system encompasses both. Option (c) 'Complete language' is irrelevant in this context. Hence, option (a) provides the most accurate and comprehensive definition of a turnkey system.

Question 30

Who developed Unix ?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Ken Thompson. The Unix operating system was primarily developed by Ken Thompson and Dennis Ritchie at Bell Labs in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Ken Thompson is widely credited as the principal creator of Unix. Dennis Ritchie contributed significantly by creating the C programming language, which was used to rewrite Unix, making it more portable. The other names listed, Rod Fenson, Ramavart Cathrin, and Jahnson, are not associated with the original development of Unix. Therefore, Ken Thompson is the correct answer among the given options, recognizing his pivotal role in its creation.

Question 31

The set of instruction which tells a computer how to perform any special work is called ..........

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: program. A program is precisely defined as a set of instructions that a computer can execute to perform a specific task or achieve a particular outcome. These instructions are written in a programming language and then translated into a form the computer's processor can understand. 'Data calculation' (option a) is an action that a program might perform, but it is not the set of instructions itself. A 'file' (option c) is a collection of data or a program stored on a computer, but the file contains the program; it isn't the program's definition. 'Information' (option d) refers to processed data, not the instructions that process it. Therefore, 'program' is the most accurate term for a set of instructions guiding a computer's work.

Question 32

Which of the following works as an agent between hardware and user?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Operating system. The Operating System (OS) acts as the primary intermediary or 'agent' between the computer hardware and the user (or application programs). It manages and allocates hardware resources like the CPU, memory, and I/O devices, allowing users and applications to interact with the hardware without needing to understand its intricate details. A 'compiler' (option a) and a 'translator' (option c, which is a general term for compilers/interpreters) are software tools that convert programming code from one language to another; they do not directly mediate between the user and hardware for general operations. 'All of these' (option d) is incorrect because compilers/translators do not fulfill this primary role. Hence, the operating system is the correct answer.

Question 33

Programs written in an assembly language are converted into machine language in a computer by ...........

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: assembler. Assembly language is a low-level programming language that uses symbolic code (mnemonics) to represent machine code instructions. To execute an assembly language program, it must first be translated into binary machine code. This specific translation is performed by an assembler. A 'compiler' (option b) translates high-level languages (like C++, Java) into machine code, while an 'interpreter' (option c) translates and executes high-level code line by line. A 'processor' (option d) is the hardware component that executes instructions, not the software that translates them. Therefore, the assembler is the dedicated program for converting assembly language into machine language.

Question 34

Any program translated into machine language is called ...........

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: object code. When a source program (written in a high-level or assembly language) is translated into machine language by a compiler or assembler, the resulting output is known as object code. Object code consists of machine-readable instructions that the computer's processor can directly execute. It is typically stored in an object file. An 'analog program' (option a) is not a standard computing term for translated code. 'Personal program' (option c) and 'official program' (option d) are descriptive terms for the ownership or status of a program, not its form after translation. Therefore, 'object code' is the precise term for a program that has been translated into machine language.

Question 35

The original program written in programming language is called .....

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Source program. The original program written by a programmer in a human-readable programming language (such as C++, Python, Java, or assembly language) is universally referred to as the source program or source code. This code is then processed by a compiler or interpreter to be converted into machine-executable form. 'Youth program' (option a), 'Ferm program' (option c), and 'Loop program' (option d) are not standard terms for the initial form of a program. 'Loop program' might refer to a program containing loops, but not the general term for the original code. Thus, 'source program' is the correct and standard terminology.

Question 36

The word CAD is related to ...........

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: design. The acronym CAD stands for Computer-Aided Design. It refers to the use of computer systems to assist in the creation, modification, analysis, or optimization of a design. CAD software is widely used in various industries, including architecture, engineering, manufacturing, and product design, to create 2D drawings and 3D models. Therefore, the word CAD is directly and primarily related to design (option b). It is not directly related to 'account' (option a), 'media' (option c), 'science' (option d) in a general sense (though scientific applications might use CAD), or 'arts' (option e) as its primary domain, although some digital art forms might utilize similar tools. The core function of CAD is design.

Question 37

What is the use of backup in a database?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: To find the lost data. The primary and most critical use of creating a backup in a database system is to enable data recovery in the event of data loss, corruption, hardware failure, or other disasters. When data is lost or becomes inaccessible, the backup serves as a copy that can be restored to retrieve the lost information, effectively allowing one to "find" or recover the lost data. Option (b) "For safety" is a general benefit, but option (d) describes the specific action and purpose when data has actually been compromised. Options (a) "To check the working of the system" and (c) "To provide record of transaction" are functions typically handled by system monitoring tools and transaction logs, respectively, not the primary role of a backup. Backups are a cornerstone of disaster recovery planning.

Question 38

Page maker software is related to which operating system?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Windows. Aldus PageMaker was a groundbreaking desktop publishing (DTP) software. It was initially developed and released for the Apple Macintosh in 1985. Subsequently, it was released for IBM PC compatibles running Microsoft Windows 1.0 in 1986. Therefore, PageMaker was significantly related to and widely used on the Windows operating system. Option (a) MS-DOS is a command-line interface operating system and was not suitable for a graphical DTP application like PageMaker. Unix (b) was also not a primary platform for PageMaker. Consequently, option (d) "All of these" is incorrect because PageMaker was not associated with MS-DOS or Unix in a significant way. Windows represents a correct and major platform for PageMaker.

Question 39

A Software which converts a high level language program into machine language is called-

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Compiler. A compiler is a program that translates an entire high-level language program (source code) into machine language (object code or executable code) before the program is executed. This process involves several phases, including lexical analysis, parsing, semantic analysis, and code generation. Option (d) "Interpreter" also translates high-level language into machine code, but it does so line by line during execution, without producing a separate, standalone machine language file. Option (b) "Assembler" translates assembly language (a low-level language) into machine code, not high-level language. Option (c) "Loader" is responsible for loading the compiled or assembled machine code into the computer's main memory for execution, not for the translation process itself.

Question 40

Oracle is a .........

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Database software. Oracle Corporation is globally recognized primarily for its enterprise software, with its flagship product being the Oracle Database. This is a powerful and widely used relational database management system (RDBMS). While Oracle does offer other products, including an operating system (Oracle Linux) and various business applications, its core identity and most prominent contribution to the software industry is its database software. Therefore, option (c) "Database software" is the most accurate description. Options (a) "An operating system" and (b) "Word processor" are incorrect as primary descriptions of Oracle. Consequently, (d) "All of these" is also incorrect.

Question 41

Which software is used in word processing?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: MS-Word. Word processing software is designed for creating, editing, formatting, and printing text-based documents. MS-Word (Microsoft Word) is the most ubiquitous and widely used word processing application today, offering extensive features for document creation. Option (b) "WordStar" was also a very popular and influential word processor in the early days of personal computing. However, option (a) "Pagemaker" is primarily desktop publishing (DTP) software, focused on page layout and graphic design, rather than general word processing, although it includes text handling capabilities. Since Pagemaker is not a word processor, option (d) "All" is incorrect. Given that MS-Word is the dominant and most representative example of word processing software among the choices, it is the best answer.

Question 42

CAD stands for-

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Computer aided design. CAD is a widely recognized acronym in engineering, architecture, and manufacturing industries. It stands for Computer-Aided Design. CAD software utilizes computer technology to assist in the design, drafting, analysis, and manufacturing processes of products and structures. It allows designers to create precise 2D drawings and 3D models, improving efficiency and accuracy. Options (a) "Computer algorithm for design" and (c) "Computer application in design" are not the correct, established full form of the acronym. Therefore, option (d) "All of these" is incorrect, as only option (b) accurately represents what CAD stands for.

Question 43

The function of an assembler is .........

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: To convert assemble language into machine language. An assembler is a utility program that translates assembly language code into machine language (binary code). Assembly language is a low-level programming language that uses mnemonic codes (like ADD, MOV, JMP) to represent machine instructions. The assembler's function is to convert these mnemonics and symbolic addresses into the actual binary instructions that the computer's central processing unit (CPU) can directly execute. Options (a) and (b) describe the function of a compiler or an interpreter, which translate high-level languages. Option (d) is incorrect because translation typically proceeds from a higher-level representation to a lower-level one, not vice-versa for an assembler.

Question 44

The legal right to use software based on specific restrictions is granted via a .........

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Software license. The legal right to use software, along with any specific terms, conditions, and restrictions (such as limitations on copying, modification, or distribution), is granted through a software license. This is a legal agreement between the software developer or publisher and the end-user. Without a valid license, using software typically constitutes a violation of copyright law. Option (a) "Software privacy policy" outlines how user data is collected and used. Option (c) "Software password manager" is an application for securely storing and managing passwords. Option (d) "Software log" refers to records of events or activities within a software system. None of these provide the legal right to use the software itself.

Question 45

Which software is used for creating resume ?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: a and b both. Both MS-Word and Pagemaker can be effectively used for creating resumes. MS-Word (a) is a widely used word processing application that provides robust tools for text formatting, layout, and template usage, making it a common choice for resume creation. Pagemaker (b), a desktop publishing (DTP) software, specializes in page layout and graphic design, allowing for the creation of highly customized and visually appealing documents, including professional resumes with complex formatting. Java (d) is a programming language, not an application software used by end-users to create documents like resumes. Therefore, since both (a) and (b) are valid tools for this purpose, option (c) "a and b both" is the correct answer.

Question 46

MS-Word is an example of—

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Application software. MS-Word (Microsoft Word) is a quintessential example of application software. Application software is designed to perform specific tasks or functions for the end-user, such as word processing, spreadsheet calculations, web browsing, or graphic design. It runs on top of an operating system and utilizes the computer's resources to achieve its purpose. Option (a) "Operating system" (e.g., Windows, macOS) is system software that manages hardware and software resources. Option (c) "Processing device" refers to hardware components like the Central Processing Unit (CPU). Option (d) "Input device" refers to hardware peripherals like a keyboard or mouse. MS-Word is clearly a program for a specific user task.

Question 47

People who write and test the programs are called—

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Programmer. A programmer is an individual whose primary role involves writing, developing, and testing computer programs. They translate design specifications into executable code using various programming languages and ensure the code functions correctly through debugging and testing. While a software engineer (c) also writes and tests programs, their role is generally broader, encompassing the entire software development lifecycle, including design, architecture, and project management. Computer scientists (b) focus more on the theoretical foundations of computing. "Project developer" (d) is a more general term that could encompass various roles within a project. Therefore, "Programmer" is the most direct and specific term for individuals primarily engaged in writing and testing programs.

Question 48

The person who writes and tests computer program is called a .....

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Programmer. The correct option is (A) Programmer. A programmer is an individual who writes, tests, and maintains computer programs. Their primary role involves translating software designs and requirements into executable code using various programming languages. While other roles might also involve writing code, 'programmer' is the most direct and fundamental title for someone performing these core tasks. (B) A Computer scientist typically focuses on the theoretical foundations of information and computation, including algorithm design, data structures, and artificial intelligence, rather than solely writing and testing programs. (C) A Software engineer applies engineering principles to the design, development, maintenance, testing, and evaluation of software. This role is broader than a programmer, often involving architectural design, project management, and quality assurance in addition to coding. (D) A Project developer is a more general term that could refer to someone involved in various aspects of a project's development, not exclusively writing and testing programs. It might encompass roles like project manager, business analyst, or even a software engineer. (E) None of these is incorrect as 'programmer' is the most fitting title.

Question 49

When you turn on the computer, the boot routine will perform this test—

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Power-on-self-test. The correct option is (D) Power-on-self-test (POST). When a computer is powered on, the first set of diagnostic routines executed by the Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) or Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) is called the Power-on-self-test. This process checks the computer's hardware components, including the CPU, memory (RAM), disk drives, video card, and other essential peripherals, to ensure they are functioning correctly before the operating system is loaded. (A) RAM test and (C) Memory test refer to checks performed on the Random Access Memory. While these are crucial parts of the POST process, they are specific components being tested, not the overarching diagnostic routine itself. (B) Disk drive test is also a component-specific check performed during POST to ensure storage devices are operational. (E) None of these is incorrect because Power-on-self-test is precisely what the boot routine performs.

Question 50

A detailed written description of the programming cycle and the program, along with the test results and a printout of the program is called

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Documentation. The correct option is (A) Documentation. In software development, documentation refers to all written materials that describe a program, its development process, functionalities, design, code, testing procedures, and usage. This includes user manuals, system specifications, design documents, code comments, test plans, test results, and even printouts of the source code. It serves to explain how the software works, how it was built, and how to use it. (B) Output refers to the results generated by a program after execution, not the description of the program itself or its development cycle. (C) Reporting typically involves presenting data or findings, often in a summarized form, but it doesn't encompass the full detailed description of the programming cycle and program. (D) Spec sheets (specification sheets) are a part of documentation, detailing specific requirements or features, but 'documentation' is a broader term covering the entire written description. (E) Directory refers to a folder in a file system used to organize files, which is unrelated to the written description of a program.

Question 51

After turns on computer light the process of start is called ...........

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: boot strap. The correct option is (C) boot strap. The process of starting a computer is commonly known as 'bootstrapping' or simply 'booting'. This term originates from the idea of 'pulling oneself up by one's bootstraps,' implying a self-starting process. When a computer is turned on, a small program (often residing in ROM) loads a larger program (like the operating system kernel) into memory, which then takes over the control of the system. The phrase 'boot strap' is a direct reference to this initial loading process. (A) Application refers to software designed to perform specific tasks for the user, not the startup process of the computer itself. (B) System is a broad term that can refer to the entire computer system, but it doesn't specifically describe the startup process. (D) Strap is an incomplete or incorrect term in this context; 'boot strap' is the full and correct terminology. (E) None of these is incorrect as 'boot strap' accurately describes the process.

Question 52

The type of software that controls the internal operations in the computer and controls how the computer works with all its parts is which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Operating system software. The correct option is (D) Operating system software. An operating system (OS) is the fundamental software that manages computer hardware and software resources and provides common services for computer programs. It acts as an intermediary between the user and the computer hardware, controlling internal operations, managing memory, processes, input/output devices, and file systems, thus orchestrating how all parts of the computer work together. (A) Shareware is a type of proprietary software that is initially provided free of charge to users, who are then encouraged or required to pay for continued use or additional functionality. It's a licensing model, not a category of software based on its function in controlling the computer. (B) Public domain software is software that has been placed in the public domain, meaning there are no restrictions on its use, distribution, or modification. This also describes a licensing/ownership status, not its functional role in managing internal computer operations. (C) Application software (or 'apps') are programs designed for end-users to perform specific tasks, such as word processing, web browsing, or gaming. They run 'on top' of the operating system and do not control the internal operations of the computer itself. (E) None of these is incorrect because operating system software perfectly fits the description.

Question 53

Physical components that make up your computer are known as ......

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Hardware. The correct option is (C) Hardware. Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system that you can touch and see. This includes the central processing unit (CPU), memory (RAM), storage devices (hard drives, SSDs), input devices (keyboard, mouse), output devices (monitor, printer), and all other tangible electronic components that make up the computer. (A) Operating system is a type of software that manages computer hardware and software resources. It is not a physical component. (B) Software refers to the set of instructions, data, or programs used to operate computers and execute specific tasks. It is intangible. (D) Web browsers are a specific type of application software used to access information on the World Wide Web. They are not physical components. (E) None of these is incorrect because 'hardware' is the precise term for the physical components.

Question 54

What is correcting errors in a program called ?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Debugging. The correct option is (B) Debugging. Debugging is the process of identifying, analyzing, and removing errors (or 'bugs') from computer hardware or software. Programmers use various tools and techniques to trace the execution of their code, locate the source of unexpected behavior, and then fix the underlying issues to ensure the program functions as intended. (A) Compiling is the process of translating source code written in a high-level programming language into machine code or an intermediate code that a computer can execute. It's a translation process, not error correction. (C) Grinding is not a standard term in computer programming for correcting errors; it typically refers to repetitive or tedious work. (D) Interpreting is a method of executing computer programs where instructions are translated directly into machine code at runtime, rather than being compiled beforehand. Like compiling, it's a translation/execution method, not error correction. (E) None of these is incorrect as 'debugging' accurately describes the process of correcting errors.

Question 55

A compiler translates a program written in a high level language into ....

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: machine language. The correct option is (A) machine language. A compiler is a special program that translates source code written in a high-level programming language (like C++, Java, Python, etc.) into machine code (also known as object code or binary code). Machine language consists of binary instructions that a computer's central processing unit (CPU) can directly understand and execute. This translation process is necessary because CPUs can only execute instructions in their native machine language. (B) An algorithm is a step-by-step procedure or formula for solving a problem or completing a task. It's the logical design of a program, not the output of a compiler. (C) A debugged program is a program from which errors have been removed. While a compiler might detect syntax errors, its primary role is translation, not debugging. (D) Java is itself a high-level programming language, not the target language a compiler translates into (unless it's a compiler for a different language targeting Java bytecode, but generally, the ultimate target is machine code). (E) None of these is incorrect because machine language is the direct output of a compiler.

Question 56

The .......... of a system includes the programs or instructions.

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: software. The correct option is (D) software. Software refers to the intangible components of a computer system, which consist of programs, data, and instructions that tell the hardware what to do. These instructions are organized sequences of commands that enable the computer to perform specific tasks, from basic operations to complex applications. (A) Hardware refers to the physical, tangible components of a computer system, such as the CPU, memory, and storage devices. It does not include programs or instructions. (B) An icon is a small graphical representation of a program, file, function, or website. It's a user interface element, not the programs or instructions themselves. (C) Information refers to processed data that has meaning and context. While software processes data to produce information, information itself is not the programs or instructions. (E) None of these is incorrect because 'software' is the precise term for programs and instructions within a system.

Question 57

This can be another word for program—

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Software. The correct option is (A) Software. In computing, the terms 'program' and 'software' are often used interchangeably, especially when referring to application programs or system programs. A program is a set of instructions that a computer can execute to perform a specific task. Software is a broader term that encompasses all programs, data, and associated documentation that run on a computer system. (B) Disk refers to a storage medium (like a hard disk or optical disk) used to store data and programs, but it is not a program itself. (C) Floppy refers to a specific type of magnetic storage disk, which is a hardware component, not a program. (D) Hardware refers to the physical components of a computer system, such as the CPU, memory, and input/output devices. It is distinct from software. (E) None of these is incorrect because 'software' is a widely accepted synonym for 'program' in many contexts.

Question 58

Hardware includes—

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: All devices involved in processing information including the CPU, memory and storage. The correct option is (D) All devices involved in processing information including the CPU, memory and storage. Hardware encompasses all the physical, tangible components of a computer system that are essential for its operation. This includes not only input and output devices but also the core components responsible for processing and storing data. (A) 'All devices used to input data into a computer' (e.g., keyboard, mouse) is only a subset of hardware. It excludes output, processing, and storage components. (B) 'Sets of instructions that a computer runs or executes' describes software, which is intangible and distinct from hardware. (C) 'The computer and all the devices connected to it that are used to input and output data' is a better definition than (A), as it includes the main computer and I/O peripherals. However, it implicitly focuses on external or peripheral devices and might not explicitly cover internal processing units like the CPU and memory as comprehensively as option (D). (D) This option provides the most comprehensive and accurate definition of hardware, covering input, output, processing (CPU), memory (RAM), and storage devices, which are all physical components integral to a computer's function.

Question 59

A series of instructions that tells a computer what to do and how to do it is called a ...........

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: program. The correct answer is (a) program. A program, often referred to as software, is a meticulously organized sequence of instructions written in a programming language that a computer can execute to perform a specific task or set of tasks. It precisely dictates 'what to do and how to do it' to the computer's hardware, enabling it to process data, manage resources, and interact with users. (b) A command is a specific instruction given to a computer program or operating system, typically by a user or another program. While it is an instruction, it usually represents a single action or a very small set of actions, not the comprehensive 'series of instructions' that defines an entire application or task. (c) A user response is input provided by a human user in reaction to a prompt or question from the computer. It is data or an action from the user, not a set of instructions for the computer to follow. (d) A processor (CPU) is the hardware component that executes instructions. It is the 'doer' of the instructions, not the 'series of instructions' itself. The processor reads and interprets the program's instructions. (e) None of these is incorrect, as option (a) accurately defines the term.

Question 60

The role of a ........... generally is to determine buyers, needs and mate it to the correct hardware and software.

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: computer consultant. The correct answer is (c) computer consultant. A computer consultant's primary role is to provide expert, unbiased advice to individuals or organizations on how to best leverage information technology to achieve their business objectives. This involves a thorough analysis of buyer needs, identifying suitable hardware and software solutions, and often assisting with implementation and optimization. They act as an independent advisor, bridging the gap between business requirements and technological capabilities. (a) A computer scientist focuses on theoretical foundations of information and computation, and practical techniques for their implementation. Their role is more about research, development of new algorithms, and advancing the field of computing, not client-facing hardware/software procurement. (b) A computer sales representative primarily sells computer products or services. While they might help match products to customer needs, their main objective is sales, and their advice is often product-specific rather than a comprehensive, unbiased consultation on overall IT strategy. (d) A corporate trainer is responsible for educating employees within an organization on various skills, including how to use specific software applications or hardware. Their focus is on instruction and skill development, not on determining the initial IT infrastructure needs or sourcing appropriate systems for the entire organization. (e) None of these is incorrect, as option (c) accurately describes the role.

Question 61

Which is the part of a computer that one can touch and feel?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Hardware. The correct answer is (a) Hardware. Hardware refers to the physical, tangible components of a computer system. These are the parts you can physically touch and feel, such as the central processing unit (CPU), memory modules (RAM), storage devices (hard drives, SSDs), input devices (keyboard, mouse), output devices (monitor, printer), and internal circuit boards. They are the physical infrastructure that allows the computer to function. (b) Software is a set of instructions, data, or programs used to operate computers and execute specific tasks. It is intangible and exists as digital code, therefore it cannot be physically touched. (c) Programs are specific types of software, consisting of sequences of instructions. Like all software, they are intangible and cannot be physically touched. (d) Output refers to the results or information produced by a computer, which can be displayed on a screen, printed, or played as audio. While the device producing the output (e.g., a monitor) is hardware, the output itself (e.g., an image on the screen) is not a physical part that can be touched in the same way as a hardware component. The question asks for 'the part of a computer' implying a component. (e) None of these is incorrect, as option (a) is the precise answer.

Question 62

What happens when you boot up a PC?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Portions of the operating system are copied from disk into memory. The correct answer is (a) Portions of the operating system are copied from disk into memory. This is a fundamental step in the booting process. When a PC starts, the Basic Input/Output System (BIOS) or Unified Extensible Firmware Interface (UEFI) performs initial hardware checks. It then loads a small program called the bootloader, which in turn loads the essential parts of the operating system kernel and other critical components from the hard disk (or other storage device) into the computer's Random Access Memory (RAM). This allows the operating system to begin execution and take control of the system. (b) Portions of the operating system are copied from memory onto disk: This describes the process of saving data from RAM to a storage device, which is the opposite of what happens during booting. This occurs during operations like saving files or hibernation. (c) Portions of the operating system are compiled: Compilation is the process of translating source code into machine code, typically performed by software developers before the operating system is distributed. It is not an event that occurs every time a PC boots up. (d) Portions of the operating system are emulated: Emulation involves one system imitating another. While virtual machines use emulation, it is not the standard process for booting a physical PC's native operating system. (e) The PC gets switched off: This is the opposite of booting up. Booting is the process of starting the PC, not shutting it down.

Question 63

Which of the following statements is true concerning virtual memory?

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: None of these. The correct answer is (e) None of these, as all other options contain inaccuracies or are definitively false. (a) Virtual memory is the space on the hard drive where the O.S. begins to store data when it because memory bound: This statement is poorly phrased and partially inaccurate. Virtual memory is space on the hard drive (or other secondary storage) used by the OS to simulate more RAM than physically available. It's utilized when physical RAM is insufficient (memory bound), allowing the OS to temporarily move less-used data from RAM to disk (paging or swapping) to free up RAM for active processes. The phrasing 'begins to store data when it because memory bound' is grammatically awkward and doesn't fully capture the dynamic nature of virtual memory management. (b) Accessing data from RAM is slower than accessing data from virtual memory: This statement is definitively false. Random Access Memory (RAM) is a volatile, high-speed memory that provides very fast data access. Virtual memory, which relies on disk storage (e.g., hard drives or SSDs), is significantly slower—orders of magnitude slower—than physical RAM. When data needs to be accessed from virtual memory, it must first be swapped back into physical RAM, incurring a substantial performance penalty. (c) Both of these: Since statement (b) is false, this option cannot be true. (d) If a computer is memory bound, adding more RAM will not solve the problem: This statement is false. If a computer is 'memory bound' (meaning it frequently runs out of physical RAM and relies heavily on slow virtual memory, leading to 'thrashing'), adding more physical RAM is precisely the most effective solution to improve performance. More RAM reduces the need for constant, slow disk swaps, allowing the system to keep more active data in fast memory.

Question 64

Copying computer program or software without permission of its author is called-

Accepted Answer

Correct Option: Software piracy. The correct answer is (c) Software piracy. This term specifically refers to the unauthorized and illegal copying, distribution, or use of copyrighted software. It is a violation of intellectual property rights and copyright law, which grant the author or owner exclusive rights to reproduce, distribute, and modify their work. Software piracy can take various forms, including counterfeiting, end-user copying, client-server overuse, and internet piracy. (a) Highway robbery refers to robbery committed on a public road, typically involving violence or the threat of violence. It is a crime against physical property and person, entirely unrelated to intellectual property or software. (b) Larceny is a legal term for the unlawful taking of personal property from another person or entity with the intent to permanently deprive the rightful owner of it. While software piracy involves taking, larceny typically applies to physical theft and does not specifically address the unauthorized reproduction of intellectual property. (d) Embezzlement involves the fraudulent appropriation of property by a person to whom it has been entrusted. This usually applies to financial assets or other valuables held in a position of trust, not the unauthorized copying of software. (e) None of these is incorrect, as option (c) is the precise and legally recognized term for the described act.

Comp chap 8

125 Questions Available

Comp chap 8

125 Questions Available

Question 1: What is virtual memory?

Question 2: The ......... tells the computer how to use its components.

Question 3: The main purpose of software is to convert data into

Question 4: The transfer of data from a CPU to peripheral devices of computer is achieved through-

Question 5: Repair for known software bug, which is generally available free of cost on internet is called .........

Question 6: What is backup?

Question 7: The ......... manual tells you how to use a software program.

Question 8: A (n) ......... is a set of programs designed to manage the resources of a computer, including starting the computer, managing programs, managing memo

Question 9: The set of instructions which tells a computer what to do is called .....

Question 10: ......... is a process of searching bugs in software.

Question 11: Each component of computer is either

Question 12: What is Linux ?

Question 13: Which software for work at is uses a computer ?

Question 14: A software which controls the hardware of a computer is

Question 15: Which database package uses on Ms-DOS based personal computers?

Question 16: Linux is an example of ..........

Question 17: The physical structure of a computer is called a .......

Question 18: Generally which software uses to keep record of data?

Question 19: DOS stands for

Question 20: To work on a computer mainly we need ......................

Question 21: Tangible, physical computer equipment that can be seen and touched is called

Question 22: A collection of programs that controls how the computer system runs and processes information is called—

Question 23: When was Unix developed ?

Question 24: Basic language of Unix is

Question 25: Characteristics of Unix are ..........

Question 26: A computer converts a high level program into a low level program with the help of ...........

Question 27: In a computer which is the main part of system software?

Question 28: A program available in the market to use in a computer is called .....

Question 29: What is turnkey system ?

Question 30: Who developed Unix ?

Question 31: The set of instruction which tells a computer how to perform any special work is called ..........

Question 32: Which of the following works as an agent between hardware and user?

Question 33: Programs written in an assembly language are converted into machine language in a computer by ...........

Question 34: Any program translated into machine language is called ...........

Question 35: The original program written in programming language is called .....

Question 36: The word CAD is related to ...........

Question 37: What is the use of backup in a database?

Question 38: Page maker software is related to which operating system?

Question 39: A Software which converts a high level language program into machine language is called-

Question 40: Oracle is a .........

Question 41: Which software is used in word processing?

Question 42: CAD stands for-

Question 43: The function of an assembler is .........

Question 44: The legal right to use software based on specific restrictions is granted via a .........

Question 45: Which software is used for creating resume ?

Question 46: MS-Word is an example of—

Question 47: People who write and test the programs are called—

Question 48: The person who writes and tests computer program is called a .....

Question 49: When you turn on the computer, the boot routine will perform this test—

Question 50: A detailed written description of the programming cycle and the program, along with the test results and a printout of the program is called