Explanation:

The correct option is (A) Documentation. In software development, documentation refers to all written materials that describe a program, its development process, functionalities, design, code, testing procedures, and usage. This includes user manuals, system specifications, design documents, code comments, test plans, test results, and even printouts of the source code. It serves to explain how the software works, how it was built, and how to use it. (B) Output refers to the results generated by a program after execution, not the description of the program itself or its development cycle. (C) Reporting typically involves presenting data or findings, often in a summarized form, but it doesn't encompass the full detailed description of the programming cycle and program. (D) Spec sheets (specification sheets) are a part of documentation, detailing specific requirements or features, but 'documentation' is a broader term covering the entire written description. (E) Directory refers to a folder in a file system used to organize files, which is unrelated to the written description of a program.