Explanation:

The process of creating a set of detailed instructions that a computer can understand and execute to perform a specific task, often repeatedly, is known as programming. These instructions, collectively called a program, are written in a programming language. Option (c) 'programming' accurately describes this activity. Option (a) 'listing' refers to displaying items in a list or catalog. Option (b) 'sequencing' refers to arranging things in a particular order, which is a component of programming (the order of instructions matters) but not the entire process of creating the instructions. Option (d) 'directing' is a general term for guiding or managing, which is too broad and not specific to creating computer instructions.