Core Legal Answer & Context: Recognition in international law is the formal acknowledgment by one state of the existence and legitimacy of another state or government. The distinction between 'de-facto' and 'de-jure' recognition lies in the degree of certainty and permanence of this acknowledgment.

1. De-facto Recognition: This is a provisional, temporary, and factual acknowledgment. The recognizing state acknowledges that the recognized entity is in effective control of territory and population, but it may have doubts about its permanence, stability, or legitimacy. It's often granted when a new government comes to power through unconstitutional means (e.g., revolution) or when a state is newly formed but its future is uncertain. It implies a 'wait-and-see' approach.
2. De-jure Recognition: This is a full, final, and permanent acknowledgment. The recognizing state considers the recognized entity to be the legitimate and rightful government, with stable control and a reasonable prospect of permanence. It implies full diplomatic relations and all associated rights and duties.

Relevant Statutes and Sections: No specific international statute defines these terms. Recognition is primarily a political act guided by state practice and customary international law.

Important Landmark Cases:

1. Arantzazu Mendi (1939): British courts distinguished between de facto and de jure recognition in the context of the Spanish Civil War. The court recognized the Franco government de facto over part of Spain and the Republican government de jure over the rest. This case illustrated the practical implications, particularly regarding sovereign immunity and property rights, where de facto recognition could grant certain immunities.

Clear Conclusion: De-facto recognition is a preliminary, conditional acknowledgment of effective control, often granted in situations of political instability. De-jure recognition is a complete, unconditional, and permanent acknowledgment of legitimate sovereignty. De-facto recognition often precedes de-jure recognition, serving as a transitional phase.