At the COP-26 climate summit in Glasgow in November 2021, India, under Prime Minister Narendra Modi, presented an ambitious five-point agenda, dubbed 'Panchamrit' (five elixirs), outlining its enhanced commitments and a roadmap for climate action. These proposals significantly raised India's climate ambition and set new targets for the country's energy transition and emissions reduction efforts. The five key proposals were:

1. Achieve 500 GW Non-Fossil Energy Capacity by 2030: India pledged to increase its non-fossil energy capacity to 500 gigawatts (GW) by the end of the decade. This is a substantial increase from its previous targets and demonstrates a strong commitment to expanding renewable energy sources like solar, wind, and hydro, as well as nuclear power.

2. Meet 50% of Energy Requirements from Renewable Energy by 2030: India committed to sourcing half of its energy needs from renewable energy by 2030. This target underscores a strategic shift towards decarbonizing the energy sector and reducing reliance on fossil fuels for electricity generation and other energy demands.

3. Reduce Total Projected Carbon Emissions by 1 Billion Tonnes from Now till 2030: This was a new and significant commitment, aiming to reduce the absolute volume of carbon emissions by one billion tonnes over the next nine years. This target reflects a move beyond intensity-based reductions to an absolute reduction goal, signaling a more aggressive approach to mitigating climate change.

4. Reduce the Carbon Intensity of the Economy by Less Than 45% by 2030: India pledged to reduce the carbon intensity of its economy (emissions per unit of GDP) to less than 45% by 2030, compared to 2005 levels. This builds upon its previous Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC) target of a 33-35% reduction and indicates a more efficient and less carbon-intensive economic growth trajectory.

5. Achieve the Target of Net Zero by 2070: For the first time, India announced a long-term net-zero emissions target, aiming to reach this goal by 2070. While later than many developed nations' 2050 targets, this commitment from a major developing economy with significant development needs was a crucial step, providing a clear long-term vision for its decarbonization pathway.

These 'Panchamrit' pledges were accompanied by India's call for developed nations to fulfill their climate finance commitments (the $100 billion per year pledge) and to facilitate technology transfer to developing countries, emphasizing the principle of Common But Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR-RC). India's proposals at COP-26 were widely seen as a significant boost to global climate action, demonstrating its leadership and commitment despite its developmental challenges.