Q5(b): “Development Administration and Administrative Development have a chicken and egg kind of relationship” — (Riggs). Elaborate.
Fred W. Riggs's 'chicken and egg' analogy aptly describes the intricate and interdependent relationship between Development Administration (DA) and Administrative Development (AD). Neither can fully precede or succeed the other; instead, they are mutually reinforcing and essential for progress.
Development Administration refers to the administrative processes and structures involved in implementing programs and policies aimed at achieving socio-economic and political development goals. It focuses on the 'what' and 'how' of development, such as poverty reduction, infrastructure building, or public health initiatives. For DA to be effective, a robust and capable administrative system is crucial.
Administrative Development, on the other hand, refers to the process of improving and strengthening the administrative capabilities, structures, and processes within a government. This includes enhancing efficiency, effectiveness, responsiveness, accountability, and adapting to new challenges. It's about building a better administrative machine.
The 'chicken and egg' relationship means that effective Development Administration requires a well-developed and efficient administrative system (AD) to successfully plan, implement, and monitor development projects. Without competent administration, development efforts can falter due to inefficiency, corruption, or lack of capacity. Conversely, the demands and complexities of Development Administration often drive the need for Administrative Development. New development challenges, evolving societal needs, and the pursuit of ambitious goals necessitate administrative reforms, capacity building, and modernization to make the administration more capable and responsive. Thus, the pursuit of development goals (DA) stimulates administrative improvements (AD), which in turn enable more effective development outcomes, creating a continuous cycle of growth and improvement.