Patriarchy is a social system where men hold primary power and predominate in roles of political leadership, moral authority, social privilege, and control of property. It is characterized by male dominance and a hierarchical structure that often subordinates women. Historically and culturally, patriarchal norms have been deeply entrenched in societies worldwide, including India.

In the Indian family system, patriarchy has profound bearings on women's entitlements, significantly shaping their lives and opportunities:

1. Property and Inheritance Rights: Traditionally, women had limited or no rights to inherit ancestral property. While legal reforms like the Hindu Succession Act (amended in 2005) have granted daughters equal coparcenary rights, practical implementation often faces resistance. Many women are still pressured to forgo their share, and land titles predominantly remain in men's names, limiting women's economic independence and security.

2. Decision-Making Power: Patriarchal structures often restrict women's autonomy in decision-making, both within the family and in public life. Decisions regarding their education, marriage, career, health, and even household finances are frequently made by male family members (fathers, husbands, brothers). This limits their agency and ability to shape their own lives.

3. Access to Resources and Opportunities: Girls and women often face discrimination in access to education, nutritious food, and healthcare. Son preference, driven by patriarchal values, can lead to female feticide, neglect of girl children, and early marriage. Their access to economic opportunities, skill development, and leadership roles is also often curtailed by societal expectations and gendered division of labor.

4. Gender Roles and Mobility: Patriarchy reinforces rigid gender roles, assigning women primarily to domestic and caregiving responsibilities, while men are seen as primary breadwinners. This limits women's mobility, public sphere participation, and ability to pursue careers outside the home, perpetuating their economic dependence.

5. Violence and Discrimination: Patriarchal norms contribute to various forms of violence and discrimination against women, including domestic violence, dowry-related harassment, sexual assault, and honor killings. The societal acceptance of male authority can normalize such abuses and make it difficult for women to seek justice.

6. Social and Cultural Norms: Deep-seated cultural practices, religious interpretations, and social customs often reinforce patriarchal values, making it challenging to bring about rapid change. The concept of 'family honor' is frequently linked to controlling women's sexuality and choices.

In conclusion, despite legal advancements and increasing awareness, patriarchal structures continue to exert a significant influence on women's entitlements within the Indian family system, leading to persistent gender inequality and hindering their full participation in society.